Toi Flat, Westscott Sandstone (Miocene to of New Zealand)

Where: New Zealand (40.3° S, 176.3° E: paleocoordinates 47.7° S, 179.9° W)

• coordinate estimated from map

• local area-level geographic resolution

When: Westscott Sandstone Member (Ihungia Formation), Otaian to Otaian (21.7 - 15.9 Ma)

• member-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: offshore; lithified sandstone

• lower part of the member: inner shelf; middle and upper member: outer shelf
• calcaerous, massive, muddy grey sandstones with intercalated turbidites

Size classes: macrofossils, microfossils

Primary reference: C. M. Reid. 1998. Stratigraphy, paleontology, and tectonics of Lower Miocene rocks in the Waipatiki/Mangatuna area, southern Hawke's Bay, New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics 41:115-131 [W. Kiessling/U. Merkel]more details

Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis

PaleoDB collection 77489: authorized by Wolfgang Kiessling, entered by Uta Merkel on 14.01.2008

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

unclassified
  -
Foraminifera
 Rotalioidea - Elphidiidae
 Rotalioidea - Notorotaliidae
 Lituolida - Haplophragmoididae
Haplophragmoides sp. Cushman 1910
 Lituolida - Lituolidae
 Globigerinoidea - Globigerinidae
Globoquadrina dehiscens Chapman et al. 1934
Globigerina sp. d'Orbigny 1826
Globigerina bulloides d'Orbigny 1826
"Globorotalia mayeri" = Paragloborotalia mayeri Cushman and Ellisor 1939
subsp. semivera
"Globigerina woodi" = Globoturborotalita woodi Jenkins 1960
 Globigerinoidea - Globorotaliidae
? Globorotalia nana Jankins 1967
  - Chilostomellidae
Globothalamea
 Rotaliida - Cibicididae
 Rotaliida - Anomalinidae
 Rotaliida - Cancrisidae
 Rotaliida - Nonionidae
Foraminifera
  -
"? Marginulina duracina" = Cristellaria (Marginulina), "Marginulina sp." = Cristellaria (Marginulina), Marginulina subbullata
"? Marginulina duracina" = Cristellaria (Marginulina)
"Marginulina sp." = Cristellaria (Marginulina) d'Orbigny 1826
Marginulina subbullata Hantken 1875
 Buliminoidea - Buliminidae
 Buliminacea - Uvigerinidae
 Rotaliina - Bolivinidae
 Rotaliina - Cassidulinidae
 Asterigerinacea - Amphisteginidae
Amphistegina sp. d'Orbigny 1826
 Discorbacea - Bagginidae
 Nodosariacea -
Nodosariacea indet. Ehrenberg 1838
 Trochamminacea - Trochamminidae
Trochammina sp. Parker and Jones 1859
 Astrorhizacea - Bathysiphonidae
Bathysiphon sp. Sars 1872
 Lituolacea - Ataxophragmiidae
Nodosariata
 Nodosariida - Nodosariidae
 Polymorphinida - Plectofrondiculariidae
 Vaginulinida - Lagenidae
 Vaginulinida - Vaginulinidae
Tubothalamea
 Miliolida - Hauerinidae
Quinqueloculina sp. d'Orbigny 1826
Triloculina sp. d'Orbigny 1826
Anthozoa
 Scleractinia - Flabellidae
Truncatoflabellum sp. Cairns 1989 stony coral
Flabellum circulare stony coral
Flabellum sp. Lesson 1831 stony coral
Flabellum pavoninum Lesson 1831 stony coral
 Scleractinia - Dendrophylliidae
Balanophyllia aff. alta Tenison-Woods 1880 stony coral
Thecostraca
 Thoracica -
Lepadomorpha indet. Gruvel 1905 barnacle
 Balanomorpha - Balanidae
Cephalopoda
 Nautilida - Aturiidae
Aturia cubaensis Lea 1841 nautiloid
Scaphopoda
  -
Scaphopoda indet. Bronn 1862 tusk shell
 Dentaliida - Dentaliidae
Fissidentalium sp. Fischer 1885 tusk shell
Dentalium sp. Linnaeus 1758 tusk shell
 Dentaliida - Laevidentaliidae
Laevidentalium sp. Cossmann 1888 tusk shell
Bivalvia
 Arcida - Limopsidae
Limopsis sp., "Limopsis catenata" = Limopsis zitteli
Limopsis sp. Sassi 1827 clam
"Limopsis catenata" = Limopsis zitteli Ihering 1907 clam
 Arcida - Cucullaeidae
Cucullaea sp. Lamarck 1801 clam
Cucullaea worthingtoni Hutton 1873 clam
 Arcida - Glycymerididae
 Ostreida - Ostreidae
Ostreidae indet. Rafinesque 1815 oyster
 Pectinida - Pectinoidae
Mesopeplum sp. Iredale 1929 scallop
Lentipecten sp. Marwick 1928 scallop
Lentipecten hochstetteri Zittel 1864 scallop
 Pectinida - Anomiidae
Anomia sp. Linnaeus 1758 jingle
Anomia trigonopsis Hutton 1873 jingle
 Pectinida - Limidae
Lima sp. Bruguière 1797 file clam
? Lima colorata Hutton 1873 file clam
 Thraciida - Periplomatidae
"Offadesma angasi" = Periploma (Offadesma)
"Offadesma angasi" = Periploma (Offadesma) clam
 Pandorida - Clavagellidae
Clavagella sp. Blainville 1817 clam
 Pholadomyida - Pholadomyidae
Pholadomya sp. Sowerby 1823 clam
 Hiatellida - Hiatellidae
Panopea worthingtoni Hutton 1873 clam
 Pholadida - Corbulidae
"Notocorbula sp." = Corbula (Notocorbula)
"Notocorbula sp." = Corbula (Notocorbula) Iredale 1930 clam
 Cardiida - Cardiidae
Hedecardium sp. Marwick 1944 cockle
 Cardiida - Tellinidae
Tellinidae indet. Blainville 1814 tellin clam
 Cardiida - Solecurtidae
 Cardiida -
"Veneroida indet." = Veneroidei
"Veneroida indet." = Veneroidei Gray 1854 clam
 Cardiida - Veneridae
Veneridae indet. Rafinesque 1815 venus clam
Marama sp. Marwick 1927 venus clam
"Dosiniinae indet." = Dosiniini Deshayes 1858 venus clam
Rohea trigonalis venus clam
 Cardiida - Mactridae
Zenatia sp. Gray 1853 clam
 Carditida - Crassatellidae
 Carditida - Carditidae
 Nuculanida - Malletiidae
? Neilo sp. Adams 1854 clam
Gastropoda
 Thecosomata - Cavoliniidae
Vaginella sp. Daudin 1800 snail
 Opisthobranchia - Cylichnidae
Cylichnidae indet. Adams 1850 snail
 Trochoidea - Turbinidae
Turbininae indet. Rafinesque 1815 snail
 Cocculinoidea -
Cocculinacea indet. Thiele 1909 snail
 Neotaenioglossa - Calyptraeidae
Crepidula sp. Lamarck 1799 slipper shell
? Zegalerus sp. Finlay 1927 slipper shell
 Sorbeoconcha - Struthiolariidae
Struthiolaria sp. Lamarck 1816 snail
 Sorbeoconcha - Cassidae
 Neogastropoda - Raphitomidae
Austrotoma sp. Finlay 1924 snail
Rugobela sp. Finlay 1924 snail
 Neogastropoda - Conidae
Conidae indet. Fleming 1822 cone shell
 Neogastropoda - Pseudomelatomidae
 Neogastropoda - Turridae
Turridae indet. Swainson 1840 turrid
Austroclavus sp. Powell 1942 turrid
 Neogastropoda - Borsoniidae
Bathytoma sp. Harris and Burrows 1891 snail
Bathytoma (Bathytoma) haasti Hutton 1877 snail
 Neogastropoda - Volutomitridae
 Neogastropoda - Buccinulidae
"Austrofusus spiniferus" = Aethocola (Aethocola) spinifera
"Austrofusus spiniferus" = Aethocola (Aethocola) spinifera Finlay and McDowall 1923 snail
 Neogastropoda - Buccinidae
Buccinidae indet. Rafinesque 1815 true whelk
Paracominia sp. Powell and Bartrum 1929 true whelk
Cominella sp. Gray 1850 true whelk
Penion sp. Fischer 1884 true whelk
? Penion marwicki Finlay 1930 true whelk
 Neogastropoda - Ancillariidae
 Neogastropoda - Cancellariidae
 Neogastropoda - Volutidae
Volutidae indet. Rafinesque 1815 volute
 Neogastropoda - Muricidae
Muricidae indet. Rafinesque 1815 murex snail
Typhis sp. Montfort 1810 murex snail
 Sorbeoconcha - Xenophoridae
Xenophora prognata carrier shell
 Sorbeoconcha - Naticidae
Magnatica sp. Marwick 1924 moon snail
Magnatica planispira Suter 1917 moon snail
Polinices huttoni moon snail
Polinices (Polinella) sp. Marwick 1931 moon snail
Tanea sp. Marwick 1931 moon snail
 Cerithioidea - Turritellidae
Turritellidae indet. Lovén 1847 turret shell
Zeacolpus sp. Finlay 1926 turret shell
Tropicolpus abscisus turret shell
Tropicolpus sp. Marwick 1931 turret shell
 Epitonioidea - Epitoniidae
Cirsotrema sp. Mörch 1852 wentletrap
Polychaeta
 Sabellida - Serpulidae
Serpulidae indet. Rafinesque 1835
Rhynchonellata
 Terebratulida - Terebratellidae
cf. Stethothyris sp. Thomson 1918
Neothyris sp. Douville 1879
Bryozoa
  -
Bryozoa indet. Ehrenberg 1831
Echinoidea
 Irregularia -
"Spatangoidea indet." = Spatangoida
"Spatangoidea indet." = Spatangoida Agassiz 1840 heart urchin
Chondrichthyes
 Euselachii -
Actinopteri
 Teleostei -
 Ichnofossils -
Ophiomorpha sp. Lundgren 1891
Scolicia sp. de Quatrefages 1849